G-statistic This is a statistic (calculated by PAUP, if the exhaustive tree search option is used) for describing the shape of a histogram.  A normally-distributed histogram has a G-statistic tending towards zero.  A histogram with a strong skew has a G-statistic tending towards 1.
 

Gap This is an alternative name for an indel position.  In order to align all of the homologous positions in sequences of unequal lengths it is necessary to introduce gaps into an alignment.
 
 

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